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KMID : 0377619970620080694
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Korean Jungang Medical Journal
1997 Volume.62 No. 8 p.694 ~ p.696
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Ultrasound Evaluation of Normal Fetal Anatomy
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Lee Kwon-Hae
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Abstract
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It is difficult to understand the normal anatomic structure of prenatal fetus by ultrasonography. First, it is required to have knowledge of embryology in order to understand the fetal anatomy, since it develops according to the gestational period. Second, it is not easy to take a plane exactly by scanning, because it is the limited uterus and sometimes it is moving around and it is hard to distinguish the difference between pathologic structure and normal structure.
Earlier, it was reported, for example, that fetal ears had been confused with encephalocele. Callen(1986) demonstrated that what was previously thought to represent a artificial ascites were actually abdominal muscles of the fetus. In intracranial anatomy, multiple errors were made ; for example the cavum septum pellucidum was confused with the Sylvian fissure(Jeanty 1984), and some deep cerebral veins were confused with the roof of the lateral ventricle(Hertzbeg 1987).
However, our understanding of sonographic findings has considerably increased over the years, according to high resolution following advancement in ultrasonography. Moreover, ultrasonography on premature neonates contributed to understand the anatomic structure of fetus.
We are going to look over things can be confirmed by ultrasonography screening test and understand the anatomy structure of normal fetus.
Head
Face : Fetal face can be viewed with considerable clarity. The brow, cheeks, eyelids can be seen with consistently. One can recognize the fetal ear-helix, scaphoid fossa, triangular fossa, concha, antihelix, tragus, antitragus, intertragic incisure and the lobule. The tip of the nose, the alae nasi and the columna are seen above the upper lip in modified coronal view of the face. Since cleft lip is common malformation and since the section demonstrating the nose and upper lip is easy to obtain, some degree of familiarity with the normal anatomy of the region is worthwhile knowing.
Intracranial anatomy : Intracranial anatomy by ultrasonography is well delineated, but the anatomy varies between early gestation and late gestation. In early gestation.
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